Which of the following conditions must be met for personal property to be considered part of real property?

For personal property to be considered part of real property, the key condition is that it cannot be removed without causing harm to either the personal or the real property. This principle is rooted in how real property laws define fixtures, which are items that were once personal property but have been attached in such a way that they are now an integral part of the real estate.

When personal property is affixed to land or a building in a manner that makes removal impractical or damaging, it transitions into being considered part of the real estate. This can include items like built-in appliances, fixtures, or other installations that are essential to the functioning or structural integrity of the property.

While it is true that being expected to remain permanently is a characteristic of fixtures, the essence of what qualifies personal property as part of real property revolves around the potential for damage upon removal. This requirement ensures clarity in property ownership and regulations in leasing, selling, or governing property rights.